SAHIH UL BUKHARI Hadith 980 with Fath'hul Bari -Women Attending Eid Gathering صحيح البخاري مع فتح الباري

SAHIH UL BUKHARI Hadith 980 with Fath'hul Bari

 KITHAB UL EEDAYN/THE BOOK OF TWO FESTIVALS

صحيح البخاري مع فتح الباري باب إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا جِلْبَابٌ فِي الْعِيدِ

Chapter: If a women has no veil to use for Eid Musalaa                    
BUKHARI WITH FATH'HUL BARI IN ARABIC AND ITS GIST IN ENGLISH GIVEN BELOW
الشرح:
قوله باب إذا لم يكن لها جلباب
 بكسر الجيم وسكون اللام وموحدتين، تقدم تفسيره في كتاب الحيض في " باب شهود الحائض العيدين " قال الزين بن المنير: لم يذكر جواب الشرط في الترجمة حوالة على ما ورد في الخبر ا هـ.
والذي يظهر لي أنه حذفه لما فيه من الاحتمال، فقد تقدم في الباب المذكور أنه يحتمل أن يكون للجنس، أي تعيرها من جنس ثيابها، ويؤيده رواية ابن خزيمة " من جلابيبها " وللترمذي " فلتعرها أختها من جلابيبها " والمراد بالأخت الصاحبة، ويحتمل أن يكون المراد تشركها معها في ثوبها، ويؤيده رواية أبي داود " تلبسها صاحبتها طائفة من ثوبها " يعني إذا كان واسعا، ويحتمل أن يكون المراد بقوله " ثوبها " جنس الثياب فيرجع للأول.
ويؤخذ منه جواز اشتمال المرأتين في ثوب واحد عند التستر، وقيل: إنه ذكر على سبيل المبالغة، أي يخرجن على كل حال ولو اثنتين في جلباب

Once a woman asked  Prophet swalklallahu a'lyhi va sallam whether it is compulsory for a Muslimah to go out to Eid Musalla for Eid prayer and gathering even if she got no jilbabu .This Babu contains the Hadith regarding the subject.

Jilbabu means veil to cover the whole body.Its definition has already been disussed  there in,

باب شهود الحائض العيدين

the Babu about the witnessing of menstruating women under 'kithaab ul hydu/book of menstruation.Here, in the name of this Babu, Imam Bukhari has given only the part of Sharthu/conditional clause but not the answer, i.e the name of the Baab is If a women has no veil to use for Eid; but its jawaab comes in the Hadith.

In the report of Thirmudhi,we see

فلتعرها أختها من جلابيبها

''Let her take her sister too in her jilbab/veil.Here in the Hadith that follows ukhthu/sister means her Muslimah friend.From Ibnu Khuzaima's report it is clear that the intention here is that the woman who has a veil should take her sister who is lacking a veil  too in her jilbab/veil.In the report of Aboo Dawood, we see,

" تلبسها صاحبتها طائفة من ثوبها

'She should allow her Muslimah friend too in one part of her veil/dress/robe; if her veil is spacious enough.It may also mean that the woman who has more than one jilbab/veil should give one to her sister who has no jilbab at all.From this Hadith it is ruled that whenever women need to cover the whole body, it is permissible for two women to be covered under the same veil/jilbab if necessary.It is also said that this Hadith's  intention is that  WOMEN SHOULD ATTEND EID MUSALLA even if two women in the same veil.

NOW WE SEE THE HADITH,

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ سِيرِينَ قَالَتْ كُنَّا نَمْنَعُ جَوَارِيَنَا أَنْ


يَخْرُجْنَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدِ فَجَاءَتْ امْرَأَةٌ فَنَزَلَتْ قَصْرَ بَنِي خَلَفٍ فَأَتَيْتُهَا فَحَدَّثَتْ أَنَّ زَوْجَ أُخْتِهَا


غَزَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ غَزْوَةً فَكَانَتْ أُخْتُهَا مَعَهُ فِي سِتِّ


غَزَوَاتٍ فَقَالَتْ فَكُنَّا نَقُومُ عَلَى الْمَرْضَى وَنُدَاوِي الْكَلْمَى فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَعَلَى إِحْدَانَا

 بَأْسٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا جِلْبَابٌ أَنْ لَا تَخْرُجَ فَقَالَ لِتُلْبِسْهَا صَاحِبَتُهَا مِنْ جِلْبَابِهَا فَلْيَشْهَدْنَ


الْخَيْرَ وَدَعْوَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَتْ حَفْصَةُ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَتْ أُمُّ عَطِيَّةَ أَتَيْتُهَا فَسَأَلْتُهَا أَسَمِعْتِ فِي كَذَا


وَكَذَا قَالَتْ نَعَمْ بِأَبِي وَقَلَّمَا ذَكَرَتْ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا قَالَتْ بِأَبِي قَالَ لِيَخْرُجْ


الْعَوَاتِقُ ذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ أَوْ قَالَ الْعَوَاتِقُ وَذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ شَكَّ أَيُّوبُ وَالْحُيَّضُ وَيَعْتَزِلُ الْحُيَّضُ


الْمُصَلَّى وَلْيَشْهَدْنَ الْخَيْرَ وَدَعْوَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا الْحُيَّضُ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ أَلَيْسَ

 الْحَائِضُ تَشْهَدُ عَرَفَاتٍ وَتَشْهَدُ كَذَا وَتَشْهَدُ كَذَا


Narrated Hafsa binth Seereen ®, She said, "On Id we used to 

forbid our girls to go out for `Id

 prayer. A lady came and stayed at the palace of Bani Khalaf 

and I went to her. She said, 'The

 husband of my sister took part in twelve holy battles along 

with the Prophet swallallahu a'lyhi

 va sallam and my sister was with her husband in six of them. 

My sister said that they used to

 nurse the sick and treat the wounded. Once she asked, 'O 

Allah's Messenger swallallahu a'lyhi

 va sallam! If a woman has no veil, is there any harm if she does

 not come out on `Id day?' The

 Prophet swallallahu a'lyhi va sallam said, 'Her companion 

should let her share her veil with

 her, and the women should participate in the good deeds and 

in the religious gatherings of the


 believers.' " Hafsa added, "When Ummu`Athiya came, I went 

to her and asked her, 'Did you

 hear anything about so-and-so?' Ummu`Athiya said, 'Yes, let 

my father be sacrificed for the 

Prophet swallallahu a'lyhi va sallam .(And whenever she 

mentioned the name of the Prophet

swallallahu a'lyhi va sallam she always used to say, 'Let my 

father be' sacrificed for him). He

 said, 'Virgin mature girls staying often screened (or said, 

'Virgin mature girls and women

 staying often screened--Aiyub is not sure as which was exactly 

used by Hafsa) and 

menstruating women should come out  on the `Id day. But the menstruating women should

 keep away from the Musalla at the time of Salah. And all the 

women should participate in the 


good deeds and in the religious gatherings of the 

believers'."She  said, "On that I said to her, 

'Also those who are menstruating?' " She replied, "Yes. Do 

they not present themselves at 

`Arafat and elsewhere?".

قَوْلُهُ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ بِأَبَا بِمُوَحَّدَتَيْنِ بَيْنَهُمَا هَمْزَةٌ مَفْتُوحَةٌ وَالثَّانِيَةُ خَفِيفَةٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ كَرِيمَةَ وَأَبِي الْوَقْتِ بِأَبِي بِكَسْرِ الثَّانِيَةِ عَلَى الْأَصْلِ أَيْ أَفْدِيهِ بِأَبِي وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ فِي الْبَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ بِلَفْظِ بَيْبِي بِإِبْدَالِ الْهَمْزَةِ يَاءً تَحْتَانِيَّةً وَوَقَعَ عِنْدَ أَحْمَدَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ حَفْصَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَتْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي

Here in Ummu Athiyya's reply we see, 'Yes, bi abee.There are reports'' bi abaa'' too.Here it means  'Let my father be' sacrificed for Rasoolullah ''.Whenever she speaks of Rasoolullahi swallallahu a'lyhi va sallam she used to say like that.In one report, we see,

 أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي

By my father and mother,The Messenger of Allah swallallahu a'lyhi va sallam has ordered us ……

 قَوْلُهُ لِتَخْرُجَ الْعَوَاتِقُ ذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ كَذَا لِلْأَكْثَرِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ صِفَتُهُ ولِلكُشْمِيهَنِيِّ أَوْ قَالَ الْعَوَاتِقُ وَذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ شَكَّ أَيُّوبُ يَعْنِي هَلْ هُوَ بواو الْعَطف أَولا وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ نَحْوُهُ فِي الْبَابِ الْمَذْكُور

In most of the reports we see,

الْعَوَاتِقُ ذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ 

'Virgin mature girls staying often screened.In the report of Kushmiheeni there is also,

 أَوْ قَالَ الْعَوَاتِقُ وَذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ

Or 'Virgin mature girls and women staying often screened. Ayyoob the sub-narrator doubts whether the vavul athfi---the article and---is used here or not, and that is the reason behind the differences of opinion/different reports.

 قَوْلُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا الْقَائِلَةُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَالْمَقُولُ لَهَا أُمُّ عَطِيَّةَ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْقَائِلَةُ حَفْصَةَ وَالْمَقُولُ لَهَا الْمَرْأَةَ وَهِيَ أُخْتُ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ وَالْأَوَّلُ أرجح وَالله أعلم

Now, in the last part of the Hadith,We see,

فَقُلْتُ لَهَا الْحُيَّضُ

I asked:Whether menstuating women should also go?

Here who is asking the question and who replies.One possibility is that the woman mentioned in the Hadith is the Questioner and Ummu Athiyya replies to her.Another possibility is that the Questioner is Hafsa and the reply is given by the woman mntioned.The woman mentioned here is the sister of Ummu Athiyya.The first view is preferred more by the Scholars.And Allah knows the Best.

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